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Gregory IV of Athens
Gregory IV, ((ギリシア語:Γρηγόριος Αργυροκαστρίτης), also known as Grigor Gjirokastriti〔 17??-1828) was an Albanian scholar and cleric who became Metropolitan of Athens〔 in 1827–1828.〔(Balkan Cultural Studies, Stavro Skendi, 1980, p.214, East European Monographs )〕〔
Gregory was born in Gjirokastër in the mid to late-18th century. In ca. 1744 he was a teacher in the New Academy, a famous educational institution in Moscopole, a leading center of Greek culture at the time.〔Κάτοπτρον. (Σχολή Μοσχοπόλεως . "Ακαδημία Νέα". ).〕 In 1799 he was appointed bishop of Paramythia but remained in this position for only a few months. In 1799, while Patriarch of Constantinople was Gregory V, he was appointed Archbishop of Euboea, also called "Bishop of Evripos". In the summer of 1821, when the Greek War of Independence spread to Euboia, the Turks put him under detention until January 1823. When freed, he immediately put himself at the disposition of the Greek Revolutionary Government. In his letter to the High Parliament he thanks God for saving him from the hands of the "''tyrants of the Nation''", expresses his will to "''do his best effort for everything for the benefit of Greece and especially for the people of this island (Euboea)''" and requests the Parliament to use him "''for everything that may be beneficial to the Homeland''".〔Gregory of Evripos, Letter of 22 January 1823 to the High Parliament, Published in the "''Archives of the National Resurrection''", edited by the Greek Parliament, Athens, 1867, reprinted by the Library of the Greek Parliament, 1971, vol. 1, p. 236, in Greek language〕〔Kourilas, pp 359, 360. Here the words "everything for the benefit of Greece" are highlighted by Kourilas.〕 It seems though, that before his detention Gregory had already been involved in the Revolution, because a good number of Epirots, and indeed many from Argyrokastro, had been fighting in Euboea. It is assumed by the historians that this is the reason that the Turks had arrested him.
Gregory kept on informing the central government on the situation in Euboea, but the government did not use him for the Revolution. By July 1823 the failure of Revolution in Euboea as well as the usurpation of his position by Bishop Neophytos of North Euboea, forced Gregory, among many others, to flee to Corfu retaining his title. In Corfu he translated the New Testament from ancient Greek to Albanian along with Vangjel Meksi. This work was partially published in Corfu in 1824 and fully in 1827. It contains both the Greek and the Albanian text, the latter printed in Greek letters, too. Gjirokastriti divided the originally one volume edition of 839 pages into two volumes, considering it a more suitable solution because "Albanians kept the holy scriptures close to their chest". it For this work one of his biographers Kourilas considers Gregory as "''the founder of the Albanian philology''" adding that ''"...albanologists use this translation as basic text but they only mention his (Gregory's) name ... but nothing about his home country and life''" (Kourilas, p. 349).
In 1827 he returned to Euboea and on 16 September he was appointed Metropolitan of Athens and remained so until his death, in March 1828. He was buried in Chalkis, Euboea, in accordance to his will.〔Eulogios Kourilas, "''Gregorios Argyrokastritis''" in the ''Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics'', Ath. Martinos (Ed.), Athens, 1964, vol. 4, p.348-363, in Greek language.〕
== References ==
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